Molecular genetics and psychology come together in our work to answer questions about risk and resilience. One line of work focuses on Gene x Environment (GxE) interactions. Here we seek to discover how people’s genetic endowment influences risk of poor health (both mental and physical) by shaping their response to environmental causes of illness. A second line of work ushers in the post–Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) era by documenting how GWAS-discovered genetic risks shape the development of illness and health. Here we are using the longitudinal method to (a) identify how genetic variants (e.g., for smoking, obesity, asthma, education, etc.) influence the developmental course of illness, health, and well-being from birth to old age and to (b) pinpoint propitious points for intervention.